From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8508 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Friday, February 18 2022 Volume 14 : Number 8508 Today's Subjects: ----------------- Get your Free, No Obligation Medicare Quotes! ["Free Medicare Quotes" Subject: Get your Free, No Obligation Medicare Quotes! Get your Free, No Obligation Medicare Quotes! http://prayermracle.co/jjUEoA9ols5J2tkgzHNlYpl67E0zl4WJUSICi2whVW3E3EYaQQ http://prayermracle.co/gJ6CPtPXO2GmuoDu-AG0nOVo4ATaKwsxIVzREN6QDovu2krhQg e of only two living genera of the family Giraffidae in the order Artiodactyla, the other being the okapi. The family was once much more extensive, with over 10 fossil genera described. The elongation of the neck appears to have started early in the giraffe lineage. Comparisons between giraffes and their ancient relatives suggest vertebrae close to the skull lengthened earlier, followed by lengthening of vertebrae further down. One early giraffid ancestor was Canthumeryx which has been dated variously to have lived 25b20 million years ago (mya), 17b15 mya or 18b14.3 mya and whose deposits have been found in Libya. This animal was medium-sized, slender and antelope-like. Giraffokeryx appeared 15 mya on the Indian subcontinent and resembled an okapi or a small giraffe, and had a longer neck and similar ossicones. Giraffokeryx may have shared a clade with more massively built giraffids like Sivatherium and Bramatherium. Giraffids like Palaeotragus, Shansitherium and Samotherium appeared 14 mya and lived throughout Africa and Eurasia. These animals had bare ossicones and small cranial sinuses and were longer with broader skulls. Paleotragus resembled the okapi and may have been its ancestor. Others find that the okapi lineage diverged earlier, before Giraffokeryx. Samotherium was a particularly important transitional fossil in the giraffe lineage, as its cervical vertebrae were intermediate in length and structure between a modern giraffe and an okapi, and were more vertical than the okapi's. Bohlinia, which first appeared in southeastern Europe and lived 9b7 mya was likely a direct ancestor of the giraffe. Boh ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8508 **********************************************