From: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org (alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest) To: ammf-digest@smoe.org Subject: alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8421 Reply-To: ammf@fruvous.com Sender: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Errors-To: owner-ammf-digest@smoe.org Precedence: bulk alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest Saturday, February 5 2022 Volume 14 : Number 8421 Today's Subjects: ----------------- 30-second metabolism quiz! ["Metabolism" ] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Fri, 4 Feb 2022 10:08:04 -0500 From: "Metabolism" Subject: 30-second metabolism quiz! 30-second metabolism quiz! http://visishrpbell.biz/Qhla8stpFzqv705RWUpNQawaaTIGuQqhDyXiWnW6o5ovOAyUmw http://visishrpbell.biz/bqv2EV5qzRr29RkPj-8uiyskvdHZgi_cC3106BDkYkm9GGMOCA oted an "epistemological" understanding of the map as early as the 17th century. An example of this understanding is that "[European reproduction of terrain on maps] reality can be expressed in mathematical terms; that systematic observation and measurement offer the only route to cartographic truthb&". 17th-century map-makers were careful and precise in their strategic approaches to maps based on a scientific model of knowledge. Popular belief at the time was that this scientific approach to cartography was immune to the social atmosphere. A common belief is that science heads in a direction of progress, and thus leads to more accurate representations of maps. In this belief European maps must be superior to others, which necessarily employed different map-making skills. "There was a 'not cartography' land where lurked an army of inaccurate, heretical, subjective, valuative, and ideologically distorted images. Cartographers developed a 'sense of the other' in relation to nonconforming maps." Although cartography has been a target of much criticism in recent decades, a cartographer's 'black box'[definition needed] always seemed to be naturally defended to the point where it overcame the criticism. However, to later scholars in the field, it was evident that cultural influences dominate map-making. For instance, certain abstracts on maps and the map-making society itself describe the social influences on the production of maps. This social play on cartographic knowledge "b&produces the 'order' of features and the 'hierarchies of its practices.'"[incomprehensible waffle] Depictions of Africa are a common target of deconstructionism. According to deconstructionist models, cartography was used for strategic purposes associated with imperialism and as instruments and representations of p ------------------------------ End of alt.music.moxy-fruvous digest V14 #8421 **********************************************